Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca: The Extraordinary Adventure of a Compassionate Conquistador

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Monument to Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, in Jerez de la Frontera (CC BY-SA 3.0)

Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca: The Extraordinary Adventure of a Compassionate Conquistador

Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca was a Spanish explorer, born in 1490 in the town of Jerez, a place famed for its sweet wines. Although his name, which meant ‘Cow’s Head,’ was amusing to some, it placed him firmly within the aristocrat class of Spain. His grandfather, Pedro de Vera Mendoza, had served the Spanish Crown well, conquering Gran Canaria in the 1480s. De Vaca would prove an equally loyal servant as he blossomed into a young man. At 21 he had fought for Spain in the Italian campaigns of 1511 to 1513, and in 1520 he helped the Spanish kingdom put down the Comunero rebellion of Castile, who rose up for their independence.

Portrait of Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (Public Domain)

Portrait of Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (Public Domain)

But De Vaca’s greatest test of dedication to his sovereigns, however, came in 1527, when he was tasked with conquering the mysterious region of the New World known as La Florida, an area including Florida, the Gulf of Mexico coast, and parts of Mexico. Alongside Governor Panfilo de Narvaez and 600 men, De Vaca was in charge of logistics and finance of a fleet of five ships that set off from Spain on June 17, 1527. De Vaca was to return to his homeland a decade later in 1537, with an astonishing story, and a unique experience that was to shake his stereotypical, deeply embedded prejudices against Native Americans.


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